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yggk.net 整理虛擬語氣在名詞從句中-高考
英語知識點
1.在由suggest, demand, require, request, insist, order, command, propose等表示建議、請求、命令、愿望等動詞或其同根詞引出的名詞從句中，名詞從句虛擬句的謂語變化的形式只有一條規(guī)律——名詞從句虛擬句無論其主句的謂語動詞時何種形式，從句的謂語形式均為should+動詞原形，其中should可以省去。（特別提醒：不是用would,而是用should。）
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常見的這類動詞有: ask要求, advise, beg, suggest建議, command命令, demand要求，request請求, insist, require要求, order下令, propose, advice, recommend, intend, prefer寧愿, permit, persuade, expect, decide決定, instruct, object, determine, urge, appoint等等
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Our teacher suggested that we (should) not leave the classroom. 老師建議我們不要離開教室。
He insisted that she do it right now. 他堅持她馬上就做。
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在It is/was +上述動詞的-ed形式+that從句中
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It is suggested by the doctor that I should give up smoking. 醫(yī)生建議我戒煙。
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當(dāng)上述動詞以其名詞形式出現(xiàn)，并且被用作主語，引導(dǎo)一個表語從句或者同位語從句時
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My suggestion is that we (should) set out tomorrow morning. 我建議我們明早動身。
The suggestion that the sports meeting (should) put off
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在It is /was necessary, important等形容詞+that從句中，常見的這類形容詞有:necessary, important, essential, vital, advisable, urgent, desirable, natural, strange, imperative等
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It is necessary that you should attend the meeting. 你有必要參加會議。
It is imperative that you arrive there in time. 你必須按時到達那兒。
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在It is a pity (a shame, no wonder)+that從句中
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It is a pity that you fail the exam.
It is no wonder he be late for class.
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注意1：insist / suggest 各有兩種意思，要用不同的語氣
Insist ①表示“堅決要求”時，用虛擬形式，即should + do;
Insist ②表示“堅稱，堅持說”時，用陳述語氣，表示事實。
Suggest ①表示“建議”時，用虛擬形式。
Suggest ②表示“表明、暗示”時，用陳述語氣。
I insisted that he was right.我堅持認(rèn)為他是對的。
Your pale face suggests that you are ill.你蒼白的臉表明你病了。
注意2：It’s (high/right) time that… that從句要用虛擬語氣：謂語用過去時或should + do ，should不可略。It’s time that you left here.或It’s time that you should leave here.
2.wish 后面的賓語從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)使用虛擬語氣，表示“可惜…；….就好了；悔不該…；但愿…。”
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主句謂語
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從句謂語
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wish
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時態(tài)
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謂語動詞的形式
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現(xiàn)在時
表示與wish同時發(fā)生
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動詞用過去時
be動詞用were
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過去時
表示在wish之前發(fā)生的動作
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動詞用had done
be用had been
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將來時
表示在wish之后發(fā)生的動作
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動詞用would do; should do
be 用would be ; should be
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I wish I knew the key to the answer.
I wish I were ten years younger.
I wish that I had gone to the football match last week.
I wish that you had been here yesterday.
He wishes that we would visit the old school.
How I wish these boys would be quiet.
二、其它句式
1、if only 意為：若是...那該多好啊; 真希望...; 只要, 只要...就好。表示含蓄的條件,這時主句要用虛擬語氣
If only I had arrived in time! 我要是能及時來，那該多好��！
If only she had not driven so fast. 她要是沒開那么快該多好啊。
2、would rather+從句 謂語用過去時來表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)�。其意�?ldquo;寧愿……,還是…… 好些”“一個人寧愿另一個人做某事”。引導(dǎo)從句的that常省略。過去的動作，謂語則用過去完成時。
John wants to see me today. I would rather he came tomorrow than today.
約翰今天想去看我。我寧愿他明天來看我而不是今天。(句中came不是表示過去而是表示將來)
（一）適當(dāng)形式填空
1.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young.
2.It is about time that fence ______(mend).
3.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem.
4.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) down yesterday.
5.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say).
6.He talked as if he _____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it.
7.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box.
- ---- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.”
8.He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time.
9.He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting.
10.If a metal ______(heat), it will expand.
11.I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening.
12.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work.
13.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave) to her.
14.What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down.
15.Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night.
16.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does.
17.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid.
18.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she ______(already, come) back from abroad.
19.Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics.
20.I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive).
21.The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them.
22.Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late.
23.Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you.
24.A less conscientious man ______(not, try) so hard to get this job done.
25.Isn’t it surprising that he ______(have) two car accidents during the past week?
答案：參考答案：
（一）適當(dāng)形式填空
1. had studied 2 were mended 2. (should) hold 4. should have broken / broke 5. had understood / said 6. had done / did 7. had/came 8. had been 9. were addressing 10. is heated 11. will stay 12. would stop 13. should not have seen / waved 14. be cut 15. have stayed 16. worked 17. were 18. would have invited / had already come 19. would be 20. drove 21. should have arrived 22. would feel 23. had been / could not have done 24. would not have tried 25. should have had
（二）翻譯句子
1.What if we could not fulfill the plan in time?
2.It is suggested that we (should) hold a speech contest.
3.You might have asked me to lend you a hand.
4.It is time we studied this problem seriously.
5.What a pity that they should have forgotten to tell you about it!
6.All that is required of the students is that they should study hard and obey the discipline.
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